SS-31 30mg
Mitochondria-targeted synthetic tetrapeptide researched for cardiolipin stabilization, ATP production, and oxidative stress mitigation.
Mechanism
SS-31 binds selectively to cardiolipin within the inner mitochondrial membrane to preserve cristae structure, optimize electron transport chain activity, and limit the generation of reactive oxygen species.
Dosing
Standard laboratory protocols document an introductory dose of 5 mg administered once daily during the initial two-week assessment phase.
Reconstitution
Reconstituting a 30 mg vial with 3.0 mL of bacteriostatic water produces a clear working concentration of 10 mg/mL.
Storage
Store the unmixed lyophilized powder at -20 °C, and keep the reconstituted peptide refrigerated between 2 °C and 8 °C for up to 28 days without freezing.
Mix & measure SS-31 30mg
Pre-filled with this protocol's recommended BAC water and documented starting dose — edit any field to run your own numbers.
Mix & measure SS-31 30mg
Vial strength → BAC water → target dose
Total doses in vial: 6.0
U-100 syringe: 100 units = 1 mL
Reconstitution math only — not dosing advice. U-100 syringe: 100 units = 1 mL. Advanced calculator →
Dosing Chart
| Phase / Day(s) | Dose & Frequency | Volume (U-100 units / mL) |
|---|---|---|
| Weeks 1–2 | 5 mg (5,000 mcg) — 1× daily | 50 units (0.50 mL) |
| Weeks 3–8 | 10 mg (10,000 mcg) — 1× daily | 100 units (1.0 mL) |
Reconstitution Steps
- 1
Draw 3.0 mL of sterile bacteriostatic water into a clean reconstituting syringe.
- 2
Gently inject the diluent along the interior glass wall of the SS-31 vial to prevent turbulence and foaming.
- 3
Carefully swirl and roll the vial between your palms until the lyophilizate dissolves completely; avoid vigorous agitation.
- 4
Clearly label the vial with reconstitution date and concentration (10 mg/mL), then immediately refrigerate at 2–8 °C.
Supplies Needed
Peptide Vial
Lyophilized SS-31 (30 mg) for laboratory investigation
Insulin Syringes (U-100)
Calibrated 1 mL syringes for precise volume withdrawal and delivery
Bacteriostatic Water
3.0 mL per vial for reconstituting lyophilized cake into solution
Alcohol Swabs
Antiseptic preparation of vial septa and injection surfaces
Why researchers study it
Mitochondrial membrane stability and bioenergetics
Barth syndrome cellular models
Cardiac and skeletal muscle performance research
Age-associated bioenergetic decline and oxidative stress
These describe what is being studied, not proven benefits, approved uses, or promised results.
Overview
SS-31 (elamipretide, MTP-131) is an extensively investigated, cell-permeable tetrapeptide designed to selectively localize to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Unlike conventional antioxidants that distribute uniformly throughout the cytosol, SS-31 targets cardiolipin, an essential structural phospholipid responsible for maintaining cristae architecture and facilitating optimal electron transport chain assembly. In preclinical and clinical investigative models, stabilizing cardiolipin has been shown to restore bioenergetic capacity, optimize ATP generation, and suppress excessive reactive oxygen species production. Although elamipretide holds an accelerated FDA approval for the ultra-rare genetic disorder Barth syndrome under the brand name Forzinity, research-grade SS-31 remains an investigational chemical strictly designated for laboratory in vitro and animal assays. Researchers continue to study SS-31 across multiple models of age-associated functional decline, skeletal muscle energetics, and cardiovascular pathology. The 30 mg presentation is widely utilized in laboratory environments to establish titration curves and evaluate mitochondrial resilience under acute metabolic stress.
References
- 1.Birk et al., Circulation Research, 2013 — SS-31 (elamipretide) binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane and stabilizes cristae structure
- 2.Szeto et al., Pharmacological Reviews / J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2014 — Mechanism of SS peptides: improved ATP synthesis and reduced reactive oxygen species in mitochondria
- 3.Karaa et al., The Lancet Neurology, 2020 — MMPOWER-3: phase 3 trial of elamipretide in primary mitochondrial myopathy
- 4.Butler et al., ClinicalTrials.gov, 2020 — PROGRESS-HF trial of elamipretide in heart failure
- 5.Siegel et al., Aging Cell, 2013 — Preclinical studies of SS-31 on age-related mitochondrial dysfunction and muscle performance
- 6.Dai et al., Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 2014 — SS-31 reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress in preclinical models
Supplies Needed
Suggested supplier
Research use only. Listing a supplier is not an endorsement of any protocol on this site, and nothing sold there is approved for human use.